1.Conflict perspective - that number of mass shootings and gun violence is a symbolic society which is living in permanent ( unresolved conflict)
2.Strain theory - society has encouraged deviance due to the pressure to conform to his ideology.
3.Legal lag :- State of lawlessness - over the 90% of the case involved the use of unlicensed weapons
4.Romanticised gun violence ( ex- moose wala in his lyrics ) and need a de-monanticisation of guns.
5.association of gun culture ownership with masculinity.
6.Cultutal contamination ( ex- firing at weddings)
7.some people lose confidence in social institutions and so arm themselves to deal with thier institutions.
8.Faulty socialization - criminal behaviour and crimanal family background